Overview

Kidney stones are hard, mineral and salt deposits that form inside the kidneys. They can vary in size and may cause significant pain when they move through the urinary tract. Symptoms often include severe pain in the side and back, pain during urination, and blood in the urine.

Causes

• Autoimmune Disorders (e.g., Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease)
• Dehydration
• Diet
• Genetics
• Obesity
• Medical Conditions
• Certain Medications
• Chronic Conditions
• Infections
• Low Calcium Intake
• Prolonged Bed Rest

Treatments

Treatment for kidney stones varies depending on the size and type of stone. For small stones, drinking plenty of water and taking pain relievers might be sufficient to pass them naturally. Larger stones may require medical interventions like shock wave lithotripsy (which breaks stones into smaller pieces), ureteroscopy (removing stones through a thin tube), or in some cases, surgery. Medications to manage pain and prevent stone formation may also be prescribed.