Overview

A breast abscess is a localized collection of pus within the breast tissue, typically resulting from an infection. It is most commonly seen in women who are breastfeeding, but it can also occur in non-lactating women due to other factors. The abscess forms when bacteria, usually Staphylococcus aureus, enter the breast tissue through cracked or damaged nipples, leading to an infection that the body walls off, creating a pocket of pus.

Causes

• Autoimmune Disorders (e.g., Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease)
• Bacterial infection (Staphylococcus aureus)
• Mastitis (inflammation of the breast)
• Blocked milk ducts (in breastfeeding women)
• Cracked or sore nipples (providing an entry point for bacteria)
• Poor breastfeeding technique
• Nipple piercing
• Diabetes (increased risk of infections)
• Smoking (impairs immune function)
• Hormonal changes
• Previous breast surgery or trauma

Common Symptoms

• Localized breast pain
• Redness and swelling in the breast
• Fever and chills
• A lump or mass in the breast
• Pus drainage from the nipple

Treatment

Treatment for a breast abscess typically involves draining the abscess to remove the pus, which can be done through needle aspiration or surgical incision and drainage. Antibiotics are often prescribed to treat the underlying infection and prevent recurrence. In some cases, pain relief medications and warm compresses may be used to alleviate symptoms. If the abscess is related to breastfeeding, continuing to breastfeed or pump from the affected breast is encouraged, as it can help clear the infection and prevent milk stasis.